Tall Plains Flower or Golden Tickseed, scientifically known as Coreopsis tinctoria, is a perennial plant native to the prairies and open fields of North America. This species is particularly valued for its vibrant yellow and reddish-brown flowers, which bloom from late spring to early fall, providing a continuous display of color in the garden. The plant typically reaches heights of 2 to 3 feet, making it a striking addition to any landscape.

One of the key characteristics of Coreopsis tinctoria is its adaptability to various soil types. It thrives in well-drained soils, preferring sandy or loamy conditions, and can tolerate drought once established. This resilience makes it an excellent choice for gardeners looking to create low-maintenance landscapes. In fact, studies have shown that plants like Coreopsis tinctoria can reduce water usage by up to 50% compared to traditional garden plants, contributing to sustainable gardening practices.

The flowers of Coreopsis tinctoria are not only aesthetically pleasing but also serve an ecological purpose. They attract a variety of pollinators, including bees and butterflies, which are essential for maintaining biodiversity in garden ecosystems. Research indicates that flowering plants can increase pollinator populations by as much as 30%, highlighting the importance of incorporating native species like Coreopsis tinctoria into garden designs.

In terms of care, Coreopsis tinctoria requires minimal intervention. Regular deadheading of spent flowers can encourage further blooming and prolong the flowering period. Additionally, this plant is generally resistant to pests and diseases, making it a reliable choice for both novice and experienced gardeners. It is important to note that while Coreopsis tinctoria is a hardy plant, it benefits from occasional fertilization with a balanced fertilizer to promote healthy growth and flowering.

When planning a garden that includes Coreopsis tinctoria, consider its placement in relation to other plants. It pairs well with other native wildflowers and grasses, creating a naturalistic look that mimics its native habitat. Furthermore, planting in groups of three or more can enhance visual impact and provide a more substantial habitat for pollinators.

In conclusion, Coreopsis tinctoria is a valuable addition to any garden, offering both beauty and ecological benefits. Its adaptability, low maintenance requirements, and ability to attract pollinators make it an ideal choice for sustainable gardening. By incorporating this native plant into your landscape, you contribute to the preservation of local ecosystems while enjoying its vibrant blooms throughout the growing season.

• Life cycle: Herbaceous perennial
• Bloom season: Summer
• Attracts: Birds, bees, butterflies, beneficial insects, and other pollinators
• Flower meaning: Always cheerful, friendship, happiness, joy, love at first sight, optimism

SEED PLANTING TIPS

• Botanical name: Coreopsis lanceolata
• Hardiness zones: 4-9
• Planting season: Spring, fall
• Days to maturity: 2nd year
• Cold stratify: Yes
• Depth to plant seeds: Lightly cover - seeds need light to germinate
• Spacing between plants: 8"-12" apart
• Days to germinate (sprout): 7-21 days
• Germination soil temps: 65F-75F
• Soil types: Sandy, loamy, rocky, chalky, moist, well-drained
• Soil pH: 5.5-6.5
• Water needs: Average
• Sun needs: Full sun, part shade
• Frost tolerant: No
• Drought tolerant: Yes
• Deer resistant: Yes

• Valerianella locusta (aka Corn Salad) is a small annual plant that is eaten as a leaf vegetable. It has a characteristic nutty flavor, dark green color, and soft texture, and is popularly served as salad greens.  //Wikipedia
  
  
• Corn Salad has a delicate flavor, similar to a butterhead lettuce. It is quite hardy and requires very little care while remaining practically free of pests & disease. Corn salad is also known for growing vigorously in almost any soil! 
  
  
• We think Corn Salad tastes best right out of the garden with a light drizzle of olive oil and a squeeze of fresh lemon. Once you try this cold-hardy green, you'll be sure to make it a staple in your fall/winter gardens every year.

• Day to Maturity | only 40 days
  
  

• Valerianella locusta (aka Corn Salad) is a small annual plant that is eaten as a leaf vegetable. It has a characteristic nutty flavor, dark green color, and soft texture, and is popularly served as salad greens.  //Wikipedia

• Corn Salad has a delicate flavor, similar to a butterhead lettuce. It is quite hardy and requires very little care while remaining practically free of pests & disease. Corn salad is also known for growing vigorously in almost any soil! 
  
  
• We think Corn Salad tastes best right out of the garden with a light drizzle of olive oil and a squeeze of fresh lemon. Once you try this cold-hardy green, you'll be sure to make it a staple in your fall/winter gardens every year.

• Day to Maturity | only 40 days
  
  

Orange sulphur cosmos, also known as Cosmos sulphureus, are vibrant and easy-to-grow flowers that can add a pop of color to any garden. If you're looking to brighten up your outdoor space with these stunning blooms, here's everything you need to know about growing orange sulphur cosmos in your garden.

Orange sulphur cosmos are annual flowers that belong to the Asteraceae family. They are native to Mexico and Central America but are now popular in gardens around the world. These flowers are known for their bright orange blooms that attract butterflies and other pollinators.

Aside from their stunning appearance, orange sulphur cosmos offer several benefits to your garden. They attract pollinators like butterflies and bees, helping to support local ecosystems. These flowers also make excellent cut flowers, adding a burst of color to floral arrangements.

Cosmos sulphureus, are vibrant and easy-to-grow flowers that can add a pop of color to any garden. If you're looking to brighten up your outdoor space with these stunning blooms, here's everything you need to know about growing yellow sulphur cosmos in your garden.

They are native to Mexico and Central America but are now popular in gardens around the world. These flowers are known to attract butterflies and other beneficial pollinators.

Aside from their stunning appearance, they offer several benefits to your garden. They attract pollinators like butterflies and bees, helping to support local ecosystems. These flowers also make excellent cut flowers, adding a burst of color to floral arrangements.

Yellow sulphur cosmos, also known as Cosmos sulphureus, are vibrant and easy-to-grow flowers that can add a pop of color to any garden. If you're looking to brighten up your outdoor space with these stunning blooms, here's everything you need to know about growing yellow sulphur cosmos in your garden.

Yellow sulphur cosmos are annual flowers that belong to the Asteraceae family. They are native to Mexico and Central America but are now popular in gardens around the world. These flowers are known for their bright yellow blooms that attract butterflies and other pollinators.

Aside from their stunning appearance, yellow sulphur cosmos offer several benefits to your garden. They attract pollinators like butterflies and bees, helping to support local ecosystems. These flowers also make excellent cut flowers, adding a burst of color to floral arrangements.

Medium Red Clover (Trifolium pratense) is a widely recognized cover crop that plays a significant role in sustainable agriculture and gardening practices. This leguminous plant is particularly valued for its ability to improve soil health, enhance biodiversity, and contribute to sustainable farming systems.

One of the primary benefits of using Medium Red Clover as a cover crop is its nitrogen-fixing capability. Clover plants have a symbiotic relationship with Rhizobium bacteria, which allows them to convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form that is accessible to plants. Research indicates that clover can fix approximately 100 to 200 pounds of nitrogen per acre per year, significantly reducing the need for synthetic fertilizers and promoting a more sustainable approach to soil fertility.

In addition to nitrogen fixation, Medium Red Clover also improves soil structure and health. Its deep taproot system helps to break up compacted soil layers, enhancing aeration and water infiltration. This can lead to improved root development for subsequent crops and increased resilience against drought conditions. Studies have shown that cover crops like clover can increase soil organic matter by 0.5 to 1.5 percent over several years, which is crucial for maintaining soil fertility and structure.

Furthermore, Medium Red Clover serves as an excellent weed suppressor. The dense foliage of clover can outcompete many common weeds, reducing the need for herbicides and manual weeding. This natural weed control mechanism not only saves labor but also minimizes chemical inputs, aligning with organic gardening principles.

Medium Red Clover is also beneficial for attracting beneficial insects and pollinators. The flowers of clover are a rich source of nectar and pollen, supporting a diverse ecosystem in the garden. This can lead to improved pollination rates for other crops and contribute to overall biodiversity in the agricultural landscape.

When incorporating Medium Red Clover into a garden or farming system, it is essential to consider the timing of planting and termination. Clover is typically sown in the late summer or early fall, allowing it to establish before winter. It can be terminated in the spring before planting the main crop, either through mowing or tillage, to incorporate its biomass into the soil, thus enhancing nutrient availability for subsequent crops.

In summary, Medium Red Clover is a valuable cover crop that offers numerous benefits, including nitrogen fixation, soil improvement, weed suppression, and support for beneficial insects. Its use in sustainable gardening practices can lead to healthier soils, reduced reliance on chemical inputs, and increased biodiversity, making it an essential component of modern agricultural systems.

Rapeseed is also used as a cover crop in the US during the winter as it prevents soil erosion, produces large amounts of biomass, suppresses weeds and can improve soil tilth with its root system.

Rapeseed is the third-largest source of vegetable oil.

Rapeseed is the second-largest source of protein meal in the world.

Rapeseed oil is used as diesel fuel, either as biodiesel, straight in heated fuel systems, or blended with petroleum distillates for powering motor vehicles.

Rapeseed (Brassica napus subsp. napus), is a bright-yellow flowering member of the family Brassicaceae (mustard or cabbage family), cultivated mainly for its oil-rich seed, which naturally contains appreciable amounts of toxic erucic acid.

Rapeseed is the third-largest source of vegetable oil and second-largest source of protein meal in the world.

Source and Photo: Myrabella / Wikimedia Commons - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapeseed

Upland cress (Barbarea verna), also known as land cress, is a perennial plant belonging to the mustard family (Brassicaceae). This leafy green is often cultivated for its peppery flavor and nutritional benefits, making it a valuable addition to home gardens. Upland cress is particularly well-suited for cooler climates, thriving in temperatures ranging from 50°F to 70°F (10°C to 21°C).

One of the notable characteristics of upland cress is its rapid growth rate. Under optimal conditions, seeds can germinate within 7 to 14 days, and the plant can be harvested as early as 30 days after sowing. This quick turnaround makes it an attractive option for gardeners seeking to maximize their yield in a short growing season.

Upland cress is rich in vitamins A and C, as well as minerals such as calcium and iron. Studies have shown that leafy greens like upland cress can contribute to a balanced diet, providing essential nutrients that support overall health. In fact, a 100-gram serving of upland cress can contain approximately 90 mg of vitamin C, which is about 100% of the recommended daily intake for adults.

In terms of cultivation, upland cress prefers well-drained, fertile soil with a pH level between 6.0 and 7.0. It can be sown directly into the garden or started indoors and transplanted. The plant benefits from consistent moisture, and regular watering is essential, especially during dry spells. Mulching can help retain soil moisture and suppress weeds, which can compete for nutrients.

Upland cress can be susceptible to pests such as aphids and flea beetles. Implementing integrated pest management strategies, such as introducing beneficial insects or using organic insecticidal soaps, can help mitigate these issues. Additionally, crop rotation is recommended to prevent soil-borne diseases and maintain soil health.

Harvesting upland cress can be done by cutting the leaves just above the crown of the plant. This method encourages new growth and allows for multiple harvests throughout the growing season. The leaves can be used fresh in salads, sandwiches, or as a garnish, and they can also be cooked similarly to spinach.

In conclusion, upland cress is a versatile and nutritious plant that can enhance both the garden and the diet. Its rapid growth, ease of cultivation, and health benefits make it a worthwhile addition for gardeners looking to diversify their vegetable offerings. By understanding its requirements and potential challenges, gardeners can successfully incorporate upland cress into their gardening practices.

• The cucumber Ashley plant produces excellent yields of 8" long pale green cucumbers
  
  - Excellent slicing variety
  
  - Perfect for home gardeners and market growers
  
  - Grows as a vine
  
  - Perfect for raised beds
  
  
• Days to Maturity | 65 days
  
  
• Cucumber Seeds | Grow cucumbers where a long, warm growing season, minimum 65 days, can be assured. Plant seeds where there is ample space and vines can sprawl, the simplest way is to plant cucumbers in hills.
  
  Click here for complete Cucumber grow guide

• This popular picking variety produces smooth, bright-green, 3" fruits with black spines
  
  - Extremely strong plant
  
  - Grows continually if kept picked
  
  - Excellent cucumber variety for any garden
  
  
• Days to Maturity | 50-55 days
  
  
• Cucumber Seeds | Grow cucumbers where a long, warm growing season, minimum 65 days, can be assured. Plant seeds where there is ample space and vines can sprawl, the simplest way is to plant cucumbers in hills.
  
  Click here for complete Cucumber grow guide

• The Chinese Snake (Curved) cucumber produces fruits that are smooth, dark-green with white spines
  
  - The fruits grow to about 15" to 18" long and curved
  
  - Grows on strong & vigorous vines
  
  
• Days to Maturity | 75 days
  
  
• Cucumber Seeds | Grow cucumbers where a long, warm growing season, minimum 65 days, can be assured. Plant seeds where there is ample space and vines can sprawl, the simplest way is to plant cucumbers in hills.
  
  Click here for complete Cucumber grow guide

• The Ever-bearing cucumber is one of the most popular cucumbers you can grow.
  
  - As its name implies, this cucumber variety continues to grow as its fruits are picked
  
  - Crisp fruit with excellent flavor and crunch
  
  - Vigorous vines loaded with fresh cucumbers all season
  
  - Great for table use, slicing, pickling and/or processing
  
  
• Days to Maturity | 60 days
  
  
• Cucumber Seeds | Grow cucumbers where a long, warm growing season, minimum 65 days, can be assured. Plant seeds where there is ample space and vines can sprawl, the simplest way is to plant cucumbers in hills.
  
  Click here for complete Cucumber grow guide

• The Homemade Pickles variety is one of the best cucumber varieties you can grow to make your own home-grown pickles
  
  - Extremely strong plant - resistant to common cucumber diseases
  
  - Produces a large amount of delicious small to medium sized cucumbers on a compact vine
  
  - Produces a lot over a long season
  
  - Ideal for container gardening and for anyone with limited growing space! 
  
  
• Days to Maturity | 55 days
  
  
• Cucumber Seeds | Grow cucumbers where a long, warm growing season, minimum 65 days, can be assured. Plant seeds where there is ample space and vines can sprawl, the simplest way is to plant cucumbers in hills.
  
  Click here for complete Cucumber grow guide

• The Lemon Cucumber is a very popular and rare Heirloom variety that resembles a bright yellow lemon
  
  - Produces 3-4"-inch oval/round cucumbers
  
  - They taste so good you'll be looking forward to eating them straight from the garden
  
  - A popular cucumber variety for anyone who likes cucumbers
  
  
• Days to Maturity | 75 days
  
  
• Cucumber Seeds | Grow cucumbers where a long, warm growing season, minimum 65 days, can be assured. Plant seeds where there is ample space and vines can sprawl, the simplest way is to plant cucumbers in hills.
  
  Click here for complete Cucumber grow guide

• The Marketer cucumber is a popular All-America Selections (AAS) Winner! 
  
  - Produces extremely flavorful 9" long (or longer) dark green cucumbers
  
  - Excellent for slicing and salads
  
  - Perfect for any sized home garden (and market growers)
  
  
• Days to Maturity | 55 days
  
  
• Cucumber Seeds | Grow cucumbers where a long, warm growing season, minimum 65 days, can be assured. Plant seeds where there is ample space and vines can sprawl, the simplest way is to plant cucumbers in hills.
  
  Click here for complete Cucumber grow guide

• Marketmore cucumbers are a very popular and productive cucumber variety.
  
  - Fruits grow 8"-9" long and 2" across.
  
  - Smooth and dark green skin.
  
  - This is one of our best selling cucumber varieties.
  
  - Easy to grow.
  
  - Excellent flavor.
  
  
• Days to Maturity | 55 days
  
  
• Cucumber Seeds | Grow cucumbers where a long, warm growing season, minimum 65 days, can be assured. Plant seeds where there is ample space and vines can sprawl, the simplest way is to plant cucumbers in hills.
  
  Click here for complete Cucumber grow guide

• The Muncher cucumber is a delicious variety perfect for munching right out of the garden!
  
  - Excellent flavor and taste
  
  - Medium sized fruits
  
  - Easy to grow
  
  
• Days to Maturity | 60 days
  
  
• Cucumber Seeds | Grow cucumbers where a long, warm growing season, minimum 65 days, can be assured. Plant seeds where there is ample space and vines can sprawl, the simplest way is to plant cucumbers in hills.
  
  Click here for complete Cucumber grow guide

• The National Pickling cucumber is an extremely prolific, old-fashioned cucumber variety
  
  - Extremely popular cucumber variety
  
  - Produces 6" long, medium green, with black spines
  
  - Perfect sliced or even for pickling (great for making dill pickles) 
  
  - One of the most popular varieties for the home grower
  
  
• Days to Maturity | 55 days
  
  
• Cucumber Seeds | Grow cucumbers where a long, warm growing season, minimum 65 days, can be assured. Plant seeds where there is ample space and vines can sprawl, the simplest way is to plant cucumbers in hills.
  
  Click here for complete Cucumber grow guide

• The Spacemaster cucumber gets its name for that very reason ... It's the perfect cucumber variety for gardeners that want to grow cucumbers in limited space.
  
  - Plant has short vines
  
  - Extremely compact cucumber plant
  
  - produces excellent yields of delicious green cucumbers
  
  
• Day to Maturity | 60 days
  
  
• Cucumber Seeds | Grow cucumbers where a long, warm growing season, minimum 65 days, can be assured. Plant seeds where there is ample space and vines can sprawl, the simplest way is to plant cucumbers in hills.
  
  Click here for complete Cucumber grow guide

• The Straight Eight cucumber variety is a popular heirloom type of cucumber ideal for slicing and/or for eating fresh right off the vine
  
  - They're great when eaten fresh or used in salads
  
  - Pick them off the vine as soon as they are 8" long
  
  - Easy to grow and excellent flavor
  
  
• Days to Maturity | 60 days
  
  
• Cucumber Seeds | Grow cucumbers where a long, warm growing season, minimum 65 days, can be assured. Plant seeds where there is ample space and vines can sprawl, the simplest way is to plant cucumbers in hills.
  
  Click here for complete Cucumber grow guide

• The Tendergreen Burpless cucumber variety is extremely sweet and tender
  
  - Produces medium sized green fruits
  
  - Pick when they grow to 8" 
  
  - Also used for pickling if picked less than 8"
  
  
• Days to Maturity | 65 days
  
  
• Cucumber Seeds | Grow cucumbers where a long, warm growing season, minimum 65 days, can be assured. Plant seeds where there is ample space and vines can sprawl, the simplest way is to plant cucumbers in hills.
  
  Click here for complete Cucumber grow guide

• Rare white heirloom cucumber variety
  
  - Produces beautiful white cucumbers about 6" long  x 2" thick
  
  - Heat tolerant
  
  - Excellent variety for any sized backyard garden, raised beds, or containers
  
  - Amazing flavor and very tender
  
  
• Days to Maturity | 55-60 days
  
  
• Cucumber Seeds | Grow cucumbers where a long, warm growing season, minimum 65 days, can be assured. Plant seeds where there is ample space and vines can sprawl, the simplest way is to plant cucumbers in hills.
  
  Click here for complete Cucumber grow guide

The African Flake Daisy (Dimorphotheca sinuata), also called Cape Marigold, puts out 2"-3" daisy-like flowers in bright, happy colors of orange, white, and yellow around brown-rimmed centers on 8"-16" stems. Whether in the garden or a vase, this day flower closes up its petals at night, reopening the next day. Drought tolerant and blooms early.

• Life cycle: Annual
• Bloom season: Spring, summer, fall
• Attracts: Bees, butterflies, and other pollinators
• Flower meaning: Innocence, new beginnings, purity, true love

SEED PLANTING TIPS

• Botanical name: Dimorphotheca sinuata
• Hardiness zones: 2-11
• Planting season: Spring, fall
• Days to maturity: 90 days
• Cold stratify: No
• Depth to plant seeds: Lightly cover - seeds need light to germinate
• Spacing between plants: 8"-12" apart
• Days to germinate (sprout): 10-21 days
• Germination soil temps: 65F-75F
• Soil types: Sandy, loamy, well-drained
• Soil pH: 6.5-7.0
• Water needs: Low - prefers dry soil
• Sun needs: Full sun
• Frost tolerant: No
• Drought tolerant: Yes
• Deer resistant: Yes

The Daisy, specifically the Rudbeckia Hirta, is a perennial plant that is widely appreciated for its vibrant yellow flowers and its ability to thrive in various garden conditions. This species, commonly known as the Black-eyed Susan, belongs to the Asteraceae family and is native to North America. The plant typically reaches a height of 1 to 3 feet and produces flowers that can measure up to 3 inches in diameter.

Rudbeckia Hirta is characterized by its distinctive dark brown or black center, surrounded by bright yellow petals. This striking appearance not only enhances the aesthetic appeal of gardens but also attracts a variety of pollinators, including bees and butterflies, which are essential for maintaining ecological balance. Studies indicate that plants like Rudbeckia Hirta can increase pollinator activity by up to 50% in garden environments.

In terms of cultivation, Rudbeckia Hirta is known for its resilience and adaptability. It prefers full sun but can tolerate partial shade, making it suitable for diverse planting locations. The plant thrives in well-drained soil and can withstand drought conditions once established. It is important to note that while Rudbeckia Hirta is relatively low-maintenance, regular deadheading can promote prolonged blooming periods, extending the flowering season from mid-summer to early fall.

From a horticultural perspective, the Rudbeckia Hirta is often used in mixed borders, wildflower gardens, and as a cut flower in arrangements. Its ability to self-seed allows for natural propagation, contributing to the sustainability of garden ecosystems. However, gardeners should be mindful of its potential to spread, as it can become invasive in certain regions if not managed properly.

In summary, the Daisy (Rudbeckia Hirta) is a valuable addition to any garden, offering both visual appeal and ecological benefits. Its ease of care, coupled with its role in supporting pollinator populations, makes it an ideal choice for both novice and experienced gardeners alike. By incorporating Rudbeckia Hirta into your gardening plans, you can enhance the biodiversity and beauty of your outdoor space.

• Life cycle: Tender perennial
• Bloom season: Summer
• Attracts: Bees, butterflies, and other pollinators
• Flower meaning: Justice

SEED PLANTING TIPS

• Botanical name: Rudbeckia hirta
• Hardiness zones: 3-8
• Planting season: Spring, fall
• Days to maturity: 90-120 days
• Cold stratify: Yes
• Depth to plant seeds: Lightly cover - seeds need light to germinate
• Spacing between plants: 12"-18" apart
• Days to germinate (sprout): 7-21 days
• Germination soil temps: 70F-75F
• Soil types: Clay, sandy, loamy, moist, well-drained
• Soil pH: 6.8-7.7
• Water needs: Average
• Sun needs: Full sun, part shade
• Frost tolerant: No
• Drought tolerant: Yes
• Deer resistant: Yes

Commonly known as the daisy, is a perennial flowering plant that belongs to the Asteraceae family. This species is native to Europe but has become widely naturalized in various regions around the world, including North America. The plant is characterized by its distinctive white petals surrounding a yellow central disc, which can create a visually appealing display in gardens.

One of the notable features of Bellis perennis is its ability to thrive in a variety of soil types, although it prefers well-drained, fertile soils. The plant typically grows to a height of 10 to 30 centimeters and can spread up to 25 centimeters in width. Its growth habit is low and rosette-like, making it an excellent choice for ground cover or as an edging plant in garden beds.

Bellis perennis is known for its resilience and adaptability. It can tolerate a range of environmental conditions, including partial shade and full sun. This adaptability allows it to flourish in diverse garden settings, from formal landscapes to wildflower gardens. The plant is also capable of self-seeding, which can lead to naturalized populations in suitable environments.

In terms of flowering, the Bellis perennis typically blooms from early spring to late summer, with peak flowering occurring in late spring. The flowers are not only aesthetically pleasing but also serve as a valuable nectar source for pollinators such as bees and butterflies. This makes the common daisy an important component of biodiversity in garden ecosystems.

From a horticultural perspective, the Bellis perennis is relatively low-maintenance. Regular deadheading can encourage prolonged blooming and prevent the plant from becoming leggy. Additionally, it is advisable to divide the plants every few years to maintain vigor and promote healthy growth. The plant is generally resistant to pests and diseases, although it may occasionally be affected by aphids or fungal infections in overly damp conditions.

In summary, the Bellis perennis flower plant is a versatile and attractive addition to any garden. Its ability to thrive in various conditions, coupled with its appeal to pollinators, makes it a valuable choice for gardeners looking to enhance both the beauty and ecological health of their outdoor spaces. Understanding the characteristics and care requirements of this plant can lead to successful cultivation and a vibrant garden display.

The Ox-Eye Daisy (Leucanthemum vulgare) is a perennial flowering plant that is commonly found in gardens and natural landscapes. This species is characterized by its distinctive white petals and yellow central disc, making it a popular choice for ornamental gardening. The plant typically reaches a height of 1 to 3 feet and blooms from late spring to early fall, providing a long-lasting display of flowers.

One of the notable features of the Ox-Eye Daisy is its adaptability to various soil types. It thrives in well-drained soils but can also tolerate poorer soil conditions, which makes it an excellent choice for gardeners looking to fill challenging areas. The plant prefers full sun but can also grow in partial shade, although flowering may be reduced in lower light conditions.

In terms of maintenance, the Ox-Eye Daisy is relatively low-maintenance. It requires minimal watering once established, as it is drought-tolerant. However, regular deadheading can promote further blooming and prevent the plant from becoming overly invasive, as it can self-seed readily. It is important to note that while the Ox-Eye Daisy can enhance the aesthetic appeal of a garden, it may also compete with native flora if not managed properly.

From a horticultural perspective, the Ox-Eye Daisy is beneficial for attracting pollinators, including bees and butterflies, which are essential for maintaining biodiversity in garden ecosystems. The flowers provide a source of nectar, contributing to the overall health of pollinator populations. Studies have shown that gardens with a variety of flowering plants, including the Ox-Eye Daisy, can increase pollinator visitation rates by up to 50%.

In addition to its ornamental value, the Ox-Eye Daisy has historical significance in traditional medicine. Various parts of the plant have been used for their anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties, although scientific evidence supporting these uses is limited. As with any plant, caution should be exercised when considering medicinal applications, and consultation with a qualified professional is recommended.

In summary, the Ox-Eye Daisy is a versatile and attractive addition to any garden. Its ability to thrive in diverse conditions, coupled with its role in supporting pollinator health, makes it a valuable plant for both aesthetic and ecological purposes. Gardeners should consider incorporating this species into their planting schemes to enhance both the beauty and biodiversity of their outdoor spaces.

SEED PLANTING TIPS

• Botanical name: Leucanthemum x superbum
• Hardiness zones: 4-9
• Planting season: Spring
• Days to maturity: 1st or 2nd year
• Cold stratify: Yes
• Depth to plant seeds: Lightly cover - seeds need light to germinate
• Spacing between plants: 18"-24" apart
• Days to germinate (sprout): 14-21 days
• Germination soil temps: 65F-70F
• Soil types: Loamy, moist, well-drained
• Soil pH: 5.5-6.2
• Water needs: Low - do not overwater
• Sun needs: Full sun
• Frost tolerant: No
• Drought tolerant: Yes
• Deer resistant: Yes

The Shasta Daisy (Leucanthemum x superbum) is a drought-tolerant perennial. Produces large 2" blossoms with long bright white petals around a golden yellow center. Grows 2'-4' tall on thin stems with narrow, serrated, dark green foliage. Long lasting in the garden and as a cut flower.

• Life cycle: Perennial
• Bloom season: Summer
• Attracts: Butterflies and other pollinators
• Flower meaning: Innocence, new beginnings, purity, true love

SEED PLANTING TIPS

• Botanical name: Leucanthemum x superbum
• Hardiness zones: 4-9
• Planting season: Spring
• Days to maturity: 1st or 2nd year
• Cold stratify: Yes
• Depth to plant seeds: Lightly cover - seeds need light to germinate
• Spacing between plants: 18"-24" apart
• Days to germinate (sprout): 14-21 days
• Germination soil temps: 65F-70F
• Soil types: Loamy, moist, well-drained
• Soil pH: 5.5-6.2
• Water needs: Low - do not overwater
• Sun needs: Full sun
• Frost tolerant: No
• Drought tolerant: Yes
• Deer resistant: Yes

• Taraxacum officinalis. Perennial.
• This strain forms lush heads of leaves that will rival your favorite lettuce. The leaves are tender, fleshy and dark green.
• The plants spread up to 2 ft and the vitamin rich leaves can be eaten raw, boiled, stir fried and used in soup.
• The roots can be eaten raw, cooked or roasted and made into a coffee substitute.
• The flowers can be used to make fritters, tea and dandelion wine.

• Annual
  
  
• 3 ft. plant with strongly aromatic foliage, stems, and heads. Excellent for pickling
  
  
• Days to Maturity | 65 days

Additional Details

Dill has a very long history of herbal use going back more than 2,000 years. The seeds are a common and very effective household remedy for a wide range of digestive problems. An infusion is especially efficacious in treating gripe in babies and flatulence in young children. The seed is aromatic, carminative, mildly diuretic, galactogogue, stimulant and stomachic.

Other Medicinal Properties

Dill is also used in the form of an extracted essential oil. Used either in an infusion, or by eating the seed whole, the essential oil in the seed relieves intestinal spasms and griping, helping to settle colic. Chewing the seed improves bad breath. Dill is also a useful addition to cough, cold and flu remedies, it can be used with antispasmodics such as Viburnum opulus to relieve period pains. Dill will also help to increase the flow of milk in nursing mothers and will then be taken by the baby in the milk to help prevent colic.

See Dill Recipes & Growing Tips on our Pinterest Board